Ayesha Basharat, and Waheed Ahmad Khan
Ms Ayesha Basharat is a graduate student at the Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Central Punjab (UCP), Lahore.
Dr Waheed Ahmad Khan is currently working as an Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Central Punjab, Lahore.
DOI: http://DOI Number
Keywords: economic cooperation, interdependence, peace, regional stability
Abstract
Adopting the theoretical framework of liberalism, particularly the concept of interdependence, this study examines the evolving relationships between Pakistan and the Central Asian states, especially Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. It explores how shared interests in trade and sustainable development foster interdependence, and how this interdependence, in turn, contributes to regional peace and stability. Consistent with the theory’s expectations, the paper finds that the relationships among Pakistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan are driven by shared interests in economic growth and expansion. Their collaborations on infrastructure projects, the signing of bilateral and multilateral trade and investment agreements, and the launching of joint ventures demonstrate their commitment to achieving deeper and broader economic ties. Cooperation across these fronts is leading to economic interdependence, even though in an asymmetric way. The theoretical assumption that regional and international institutions are essential to promoting cooperation and reducing asymmetrical dependencies among states is also supported by the findings.
First Published
December 25, 2025
How to Cite
Ayesha Basharat and Waheed Ahmad Khan, “Strengthening Regional Interdependence: The Evolution of Pakistan-Central Asia Relations,” Regional Studies 43, no.2 (Winter 2025): 59-88, https://regionalstudies.com.pk/wp/article/strengthening-regional-interdependence-the-evolution-of-pakistan-central-asia-relations/
Issue
Volume 43, Issue 2